Google AI Releases Common Commerce Protocol (UCP): An Open-Supply Normal Designed to Energy the Subsequent Era of Agentic Commerce

Can AI buying brokers transfer past sending product hyperlinks and truly full trusted purchases finish to finish inside a chat? Common Commerce Protocol, or UCP, is Google’s new open commonplace for agentic commerce. It provides AI brokers and service provider techniques a shared language so {that a} buying question can transfer from product discovery to an authenticated order with out customized integrations for each retailer and each floor.

What drawback is UCP fixing?

At present, most AI buying experiences cease at advice. The agent aggregates hyperlinks, you deal with inventory checks, coupon codes, and checkout flows on separate websites. Google’s engineering staff describes this as an N by N integration bottleneck. Every new conversational floor requires separate work from each service provider and cost supplier.

UCP collapses that to 1 abstraction. Platforms equivalent to Gemini or AI Mode in Search combine as soon as with the protocol. Companies expose their commerce habits as soon as behind UCP. Cost Service Suppliers and Credential Suppliers combine on the cost layer. The identical protocol can help many verticals equivalent to buying, journey, or companies.

Roles and core constructing blocks

The UCP core ideas doc defines 4 major actors:

• Platform, which is the agent or software that orchestrates the consumer journey. Examples embody AI buying assistants and search surfaces.
• Enterprise, which is the service provider or service supplier and the Service provider of Report.
• Credential Supplier, which manages cost devices and private information equivalent to addresses.
• Cost Service Supplier, which processes authorizations, captures, and settlements.

On prime of those roles, UCP introduces three elementary constructs:

• Capabilities, equivalent to Checkout, Identification Linking, and Order.
• Extensions, equivalent to Reductions, Achievement, or AP2 Mandates, which prolong a functionality by way of an extends subject.
• Companies, which bind capabilities to transports equivalent to REST API, Mannequin Context Protocol, and Agent2Agent.

The GitHub repo lists 4 preliminary key capabilities for buying:

• Checkout manages checkout periods, cart contents, totals, and tax.
• Identification Linking makes use of OAuth 2.0 so brokers can act on behalf of customers.
• Order emits lifecycle occasions for cargo, returns, and refunds.
• Cost Token Alternate coordinates token and credential change between Cost Service Suppliers and Credential Suppliers.

Commerce lifecycle for an AI agent

The Google reference implementation and the samples repository use a easy retailer for example the UCP circulate.

A typical agentic checkout appears like this:

1. The agent fetches the enterprise profile from /.well-known/ucp, discovers that dev.ucp.buying.checkout and related extensions can be found, and resolves schemas for these capabilities.
2. If the consumer has linked an account, the agent performs Identification Linking with OAuth 2.0 scopes that allow checkout and order learn operations for that service provider.
3. The agent calls the Checkout functionality utilizing the REST or MCP binding, passing line gadgets, purchaser area, and any required context. The server returns a checkout object with line gadgets, totals, and candidate success choices.
4. The agent applies reductions or loyalty advantages by invoking extensions that modify the composed checkout schema, then asks the consumer to substantiate the ultimate order.
5. Cost is routed by a cost handler that understands a selected cost instrument schema, equivalent to a tokenized card. As soon as the Cost Service Supplier authorizes the transaction, the enterprise creates an order.
6. The Order functionality emits webhook occasions for cargo and put up buy changes, which the agent can current within the dialog.

From the consumer perspective, this retains the complete circulate in a single dialog with clear consent steps.

Transports, funds, and safety

The specification defines a transport layer with bindings for REST, Mannequin Context Protocol, Agent2Agent, and an Embedded Protocol that permits deeply personalized service provider checkout experiences whereas nonetheless utilizing UCP information buildings.

For funds, UCP integrates with Agent Funds Protocol. The cost structure separates cost devices from cost handlers, and makes use of mandates scoped to a selected checkout hash. This design helps binding proof and reduces token replay danger, which is necessary when brokers execute funds with out the consumer straight within the browser.

Credential Suppliers concern tokens and maintain delicate card information or addresses. Cost Service Suppliers eat these tokens and speak to card networks. UCP retains these roles express and makes use of verifiable credentials and signatures in order that each brokers and companies have cryptographic proof of what was approved.

Key Takeaways

• UCP is an open commonplace and open supply specification from Google that defines a typical commerce language for AI brokers, companies, cost suppliers, and credential suppliers throughout the complete buying journey.
• The protocol is co developed with companions equivalent to Shopify, Etsy, Wayfair, Goal, and Walmart, and is already endorsed by greater than 20 ecosystem gamers together with Visa, Mastercard, Stripe, PayPal, Finest Purchase, The Residence Depot, Macy’s, and Zalando.
• UCP fashions commerce by discoverable capabilities like Checkout, Identification Linking, and Order, plus extensible modules for reductions, success, and subscriptions, with retailers and brokers negotiating a shared functionality set dynamically by way of profiles hosted at .well-known/ucp.
• The protocol is transport agnostic, it helps REST, JSON RPC, Mannequin Context Protocol, and Agent2Agent so the identical functionality schemas may be reused throughout backend companies, MCP software calls into LLM brokers, and agent to agent networks with out rewriting enterprise logic.
• Funds in UCP combine with Agent Funds Protocol and a modular cost handler design, which separates cost devices from handlers and makes use of cryptographically provable mandates, so brokers can execute checkout flows autonomously whereas preserving clear proof of consumer consent.

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